口腔黏膜下纤维性变癌变的发生机制研究进展

口腔黏膜下纤维性变(oral submucous fibrosis, OSF)是口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC)的主要癌前病变之一,其癌变过程复杂,癌变机制尚不明确。本文从咀嚼槟榔与OSF恶性进展、低氧与血管生成、上皮-间质转化和表观遗传调控等方面,对OSF癌变机制的最新研究进展作一综述。     

血管平滑肌细胞表型转化的分子机制研究进展

血管内膜新生是血管成形术后再狭窄和动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病的病理基础。血管平滑肌细胞（vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs）具有高度可塑性,在众多病理因素下常发生表型转化（phenotypic switch）,即由收缩型向合成型转化。研究表明,VSMCs表型转化促进其增殖和迁移,从而参与血管内膜新生形成。本文主要综述了VSMCs表型转化影响内膜新生的分子机制,为防治血管重塑性疾病提供理论依据。     

活血利水通腑汤治疗出血性中风痰热腑实证50例

目的:观察活血利水通腑汤治疗出血性中风痰热腑实证的临床疗效。方法:选取贵港市中医医院脑病科2013年1月—2015年3月治疗的出血性中风痰热腑实证患者100例,且均明确诊断为脑出血急性期,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组50例。对照组患者给予脱水降颅压、护胃、营养神经、调控血压、调控血糖、预防感染、维持水电解平衡等对症支持治疗及基础护理,治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上加用活血利水通腑汤治疗。结果:治疗组治疗21 d、28 d后中医证候积分、血肿吸收率均优于对照组(P0.05);治疗组治疗21 d、28 d后脑水肿严重程度、NIHSS评分及日常生活能力评分均优于对照组(P0.05);治疗组有效率86.0%,对照组有效率70.0%,治疗组优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:活血利水通腑汤治疗出血性中风痰热腑实证疗效显著。     

Genetic analysis of a family affected with pulmonary hypertension secondary to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasiaCSCD

Objective To carry out genetic testing for a family affected with pulmonary hypertension (PH) as the initial sign of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia CHHT). Methods High throughput sequencing was performed to detect potential mutation in the coding regions of endoglin (ENG), activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ACVRL1) and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) genes. Results A pathogenic heterozygous c. 814C>T (p. Gln272Ter) mutation of the ACVRL1 gene was identified in the proband. Her mother and two sons have carried the same mutation. Conclusion The c. 814C>T (p. Gln272Ter) mutation of the ACVRL1 gene probably underlies the disease in this family. Genetic testing should be recommended to HHT patient, in particular those with pulmonary hypertension. © 2018 West China University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.     

Study on expression of p16 and human papillomavirus 16 and 18 (E6) in OLP and its malignant transformation

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate the expressions of p16 and HPV16/18(E6) in oral lichen planus (OLP) and malignant transformed OLP (MT-OLP).

Involvement of caspase-4 in IL-1 beta production and pyroptosis in human macrophages during dengue virus infection

Caspase-4 physically interacts with caspase-1 and is believed to be a proinflammatory caspase that can induce the inflammatory form of programmed cell death (pyroptosis) and the release of mature interleukin (IL)-1β. However, the function of caspase-4 in dengue virus infection is not yet fully understood. We examined the function of caspase-4 in IL-1β production and pyroptosis during dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2) infection in human macrophages. In this study, DENV-2 infection increased IL-1β protein level with activated caspase-4 activity. Using primary macrophages, we observed that caspase-4 induces activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1β in response to DENV-2 infection, without the need for secondary signals to stimulate the assembly of the inflammasome. These findings indicate that the regulation of caspase-1 activity by capsase-4 could represent a unique mechanism. Our data suggest that caspase-4 is upstream of caspase-1 in the pathway that regulates pyroptosis and IL-1β synthesis in macrophages during DENV-2 infection.